home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- <text id=94TT0418>
- <title>
- Apr. 18, 1994: Descent Into Mayhem
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
- Apr. 18, 1994 Is It All Over for Smokers?
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- CENTRAL AFRICA, Page 44
- Descent Into Mayhem
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>Tribal slaughter erupts in Rwanda, trapping foreigners and forcing
- the U.S. to send troops to the region
- </p>
- <p>By Marguerite Michaels--Reported by Clive Mutiso/Nairobi and Mark Thompson/Washington
- </p>
- <p> Alarming as they were, the first, unconfirmed reports turned
- out to be understated. "We are lying prone on the floor," Christian
- Georlette, an aid worker for Oxfam, managed to phone back to
- the British aid group's headquarters on Thursday. "Every window
- in the house has been shattered by shrapnel and machine-gun
- fire, and soldiers are attacking the house next door with grenades.
- The fighting is really bad." Only later, however, would the
- full carnage of the latest ethnic violence in Rwanda be confirmed:
- the streets littered with corpses; the thousands killed in less
- than three days; the murder of 10 Belgian peacekeepers and groups
- of Catholic priests. And it would be Saturday before the French
- air force could land at Rwanda's Kigali airport and most of
- the country's 255 Americans could be reported as close to joining
- 330 Marines in the relative safety of neighboring Burundi.
- </p>
- <p> In the two small Central African nations of Rwanda and Burundi,
- where politics is still dominated by the ancient rivalry between
- the predominant Hutu and minority Tutsi tribes, pure tribal
- enmity was behind the bloodshed. Last week's violence exploded
- after a plane carrying Presidents Juvenal Habyarimana of Rwanda
- and Cyprien Ntaryamira of Burundi, both Hutus, crashed Wednesday
- night on the approach to Kigali airport, killing both leaders.
- Witnesses reported hearing heavy weapons fire moments before
- the plane went down. "What happened was not an accident but
- an assassination," said Jean Damascene Bizimana, Rwanda's ambassador
- to the U.N. The two leaders were returning from a conference
- in Tanzania. Its topic: the ending of decades of Hutu-Tutsi
- savagery.
- </p>
- <p> After three years of fighting, Habyarimana's regime in Rwanda,
- made up largely of fellow Hutus, had reached a peace accord
- with the mainly Tutsi Rwandan Patriotic Front last August. But
- Habyarimana failed to form an interim government to last until
- new elections could be conducted. Burundi's Ntaryamira had been
- elected President in January by the National Assembly after
- the assassination of fellow Hutu Melchior Ndadaye in a bloody
- coup attempt last October. With Burundi's army still under the
- control of the Tutsis, however, Ntaryamira had been unable to
- stop the rash of ethnic clashes that have killed tens of thousands
- and made refugees of hundreds of thousands.
- </p>
- <p> Despite the obvious Tutsi motive for assassinating the two Presidents,
- the finger of suspicion points at Habyarimana's own battalion-strong
- palace guard of Hutus, who were incensed that the Tutsis had
- been given Cabinet posts and that their followers, exiled in
- Uganda for two generations, were likely to be given land on
- which to settle in what is Africa's most densely populated country.
- And indeed, government-appointed Tutsis were an early target
- of the violence last week. After presidential guards surrounded
- the house of Prime Minister (and Tutsi) Agathe Uwilingiyimana,
- 10 Belgian soldiers, part of a 2,400-member U.N. peacekeeping
- force charged with enforcing the truce between the government
- and the rebels, spirited her away. But the Hutu guards pursued,
- disarmed the U.N. troops and shot the Prime Minister dead. Then
- they took the Belgians back to their barracks, tortured and
- killed them. Three other Tutsi ministers in the government were
- reportedly shot.
- </p>
- <p> Representatives of the church and aid organizations promoting
- human rights and the peace process in Rwanda also suffered.
- Five priests and 12 young women gathered for a retreat in a
- Jesuit center near the airport were massacred. All were Rwandan;
- most were Tutsi. The guards and regular troops of the mainly
- Hutu Rwandan army reportedly killed Rwandan staff members of
- several aid organizations while expatriates were forced to look
- on at gunpoint.
- </p>
- <p> On Friday U.N. officials in New York City claimed that peacekeeping
- commander Brigadier General Romeo Dallaire of Canada had brokered
- a partial cease-fire and that an interim government had been
- named. But within 24 hours rebel leaders, denying knowledge
- of the agreement, had renewed their offensive. Meanwhile members
- of the regular army were still attacking Tutsis and murdering
- any member of the political opposition they could find.
- </p>
- <p> At dawn on Saturday, 280 French paratroopers landed at Kigali
- airport. By nightfall, convoys carrying 170 of the 255 Americans
- in Rwanda had either approached or crossed the border into Burundi,
- where U.S. Marines dispatched from ships off Kenya awaited.
- The Marines, said a Pentagon official, had an "insertion-extraction"
- capability; but the Administration was at pains to describe
- their presence as precautionary. No Americans were reported
- hurt. Even if the foreigners are able to escape the killing,
- however, the future for native Rwandans seems likely to be as
- bloody as their past.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-